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Home › About Us › Library › Research Help › Copyright and Fair Use › Copyright Cheat Sheet

Copyright Cheat Sheet

If using copyrighted material for commercial or non-Fair-Use you must get permission in writing unless the work is in the public domain – using the work and citing the owner does NOT give copyright permission.

Copyrighted Material Non-Copyrighted Material
Books and Writings

Music and lyrics

Plays

Choreography/Dance

Photographs, graphics, paintings and sculptural works – ALL ART

Films and other audiovisual works

Video games and computer software

Sound recordings

Architectural works

Unfixed works that have not been recorded in a fixed form (e.g. a song you make up and sing to yourself)

Works in the public domain

Titles, names, short phrases, familiar symbols or designs, numbers

Ideas and facts

Processes and systems (e.g., the Dewey decimal system)

Federal government works (e.g., the tax code)

 

Types of Copyright

 

©  Traditional copyright – 95 years from publication if owned by corporation OR death of individual plus 70 years

creative commons licensesCreative Commons – less restrictive than traditional copyright, but many varieties including: non-commercial use only, commercial use, can’t resize or change, can make changes, give credit or not

2000px-Public_Domain_Mark_button.svgPublic Domain – free use of any kind even for commercial use; pre-1923 works or if owner specifies public domain

 

FAIR USE

Fair Use means you can use some copyrighted materials in certain instances.  There are no hard and fast rules, each case must be evaluated separately.

Fair Use Guidelines:

Purpose of use:

Are you creating a new work, or just copying the original?  Fair Use must be transformative and non-commercial.

Nature of copyrighted work:

Factual is better than creative.

Amount of work used:

Less is better.  Two pages or 10% are often the rule of thumb.

Effect of new work on used work:

Are you competing with the original work, or will it be devalued in any way?  Fair Use does not allow your new work to compete with the original.

 

Allowed Fair Use:

  • Research and scholarship – quotes with proper citing, paraphrasing another work
  • Reporting – news stories
  • Criticism and commentary
  • Parody
  • Some non-commercial use
See our Fair Use Checklist
See a printable version of the Copyright Cheat Sheet

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